2021年12月英语六级真题 第1套

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Whether it's in the hands of animated polar bears or Santa Claus, there's one thing you'll find in nearly all ads for Coca-Cola:［9］the characteristic glass bottle.
Most Americans don't drink soda out of the glass bottles seen in Coke's ads anymore. But this week, the company is celebrating a century of the bottle that's been sold in more than 200 countries. Flash back to 1915, when a bottle of Coca-Cola cost just a nickel.［10］As the soft drink gained in popularity, it faced a growing number of competitors—counterfeits even trying to copy Coke's logo. So according to Coca-Cola historian Ted Ryan, the company decided to come up with packaging that couldn't be duplicated. A product request was sent to eight different glass makers. Workers at the Root Glass Company got the request and began flipping through the encyclopedia at the local library, landing on cocoa seed.
Though cocoa seed is not an ingredient of the soda,［11］they designed their bottle based on the seed's shape and large middle. It won over Coke executives in Atlanta and would go on to receive its own trademark, spur collections and earn Coca-Cola an iconic image that made it part of American culture for a century.
It was 100 years ago this week that the bottle earned a patent. By World War II, Coke bottle sales had ballooned into billions. Americans mostly consume Coke out of aluminum or plastic today, but the glass bottle remains a symbol of America that's readily recognized around the world.

无论是在动画片里北极熊的手中，还是在圣诞老人的手中，你会在几乎所有的可口可乐广告中看到一样东西：［9］独特的玻璃瓶。
大多数美国人不再喝在可口可乐广告中看到的那种玻璃瓶装的汽水了。但本周，可口可乐公司正在庆祝这款已在200多个国家销售的瓶子的百年历史。回顾1915年，那时候一瓶可口可乐只要五分镍币。［10］随着这种软饮料越来越受欢迎，它面临着越来越多的竞争对手—假冒产品甚至试图复制可口可乐的标志。因此，根据研究可口可乐的史学工作者泰德·瑞安的说法，该公司决定推出一种不可复制的包装。产品需求发送至八家不同的玻璃制造商。鲁特玻璃公司的工人们接到这个需求后，开始在当地图书馆翻阅百科全书，发现了可可豆的种子。
虽然这种汽水的成分中没有可可豆种子，［11］但他们根据可可豆种子的形状和膨大的中间部分设计了瓶子的样式。它赢得了亚特兰大可口可乐公司高管们的支持，随后获得了自己的商标，刺激人们去收藏，并为可口可乐赢得了一个标志性形象，使其成为一个世纪以来美国文化的一部分。
就在100年前的这一周，这个瓶子获得了专利。到第二次世界大战时，瓶装可口可乐的销量已经飙升至数十亿瓶。今天，美国人喝的可口可乐大多装在由铝或塑料制成的瓶子中，但这种玻璃瓶仍然是美国的一个象征，在世界各地都备受认可。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

［12］Research shows that a few moments of conversation with a stranger create a measurable improvement in mood. But most of us are reluctant to start these conversations because we presume the opposite. In an experiment, commuters who talked to nearby strangers found their commute more enjoyable than those who didn't. They were asked to predict whether they'd enjoy the commute more if they conversed with other people. Intriguingly, most expected the more solitary experience to be more pleasurable. Why is this?［13］Social anxiety appears to be the problem. People's reluctance to start conversations with nearby strangers comes partly from underestimating others' interest in connecting.
The sad thing is that people presume that a nearby stranger doesn't want to converse and don't start a conversation. Only those who forced themselves to chat because it was required by the experiment found out what a pleasant experience it could be. Human beings are social animals. Those who misunderstand the impact of social interactions may not, in some contexts, be social enough for their own well-being. You should be chatting with the strangers you encounter.［14］You may occasionally have a negative encounter that might stick in your memory. This is because the human brain is biased to dwell on negative events. But starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of rejection.
It may surprise you that conversing with strangers will make them happier too.［15］The pleasure of connection seems contagious. People who were talked to had equally positive experiences as those who initiate a conversation.

［12］研究表明，与陌生人交谈片刻能够显著改善情绪。但是我们大多数人都不愿意开始这样的谈话，因为我们的设想与之截然相反。在一项实验中，与附近的陌生人交谈的通勤者发现，与那些不与陌生人交谈的人相比，他们的通勤过程会更愉快。他们被要求预测，如果与他人交谈，他们是否更享受通勤。有趣的是，大多数人预计独处的体验会更愉快。为什么会这样呢？［13］社交焦虑似乎是问题所在。人们不愿意与附近的陌生人交谈，部分原因在于低估了其他人对交流的兴趣。
令人难过的是，人们假定附近的陌生人不想交谈，因此也不会主动发起一段谈话。只有那些因为实验要求而强迫自己与他人聊天的人才发现，这是一种多么愉快的体验。人类是社会性动物。在某些情况下，那些误解社交互动的影响的人可能没有足够的社交来维持他们的幸福。你应该和你遇到的陌生人聊天。［14］也许你偶尔会有一次负面遭遇，这可能会留在你的记忆中。这是因为人类的大脑倾向于老是想着负面事件。但与陌生人开始对话仍然值得冒被拒绝的风险。
和陌生人交谈也会让他们更开心，这可能会让你感到惊讶。［15］这种交流的乐趣似乎是有感染力的。被动与人交谈的人和主动发起谈话的人都获得了同样良好的体验。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.