2021年12月英语六级真题 第2套

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

M: Good morning and welcome to People in the News！［1］With me today is Megan Brown, an environmental activist whose controversial new book Beyond Recycling is making headlines.
W: Hi, Bryan! Thanks for having me today. I'm excited to explain to the audience what my book is really about.
M:［2］Critics of your book assert that you're trying to force radical changes on the entire country. Some claim that you want to force everyone to eat a vegetarian diet and make private transport illegal.
W: I'm aware of those claims, but they simply aren't true. People who haven't read the book are making assumptions about my arguments.［2］They know I am a vegetarian, that I don't wear leather or fur, and that I always use public transportation. So, they are depicting me as a radical animal rights activist and an environmentalist determined to force my beliefs on others.
M: But don't you want others to adopt your practices? You've campaigned for animal rights and environment for decades.
W: I'd love it if people chose to live as I do. But my life choices are based on my personal convictions. They aren't my recommendations for others who don't share those convictions.
M: Well, in this excerpt from your book, you argue that meat consumption and private transport are devastating the environment, and that the best choices for the planet are vegetarian diets and public transport.
W: I did write that. But those are examples what I call best practices, not what I'm actually suggesting.［3］In my guidelines for saving the environment, I suggest modest changes, like eating vegetarian meals two days a week.
M: You also endorse high taxes on meat and other animal products, and increase taxes on gasoline. Those taxes could force poor people to adopt your life choices.
W:［4］But the taxes I suggest aren't that high, less than 3 percent only, plus the money generated would be allocated to environmental protection which benefits everyone.

男：早上好，欢迎来到《新闻人物》！［1］今天和我一起的是环保活动家梅根·布朗，她的新书《回收之外》颇受争议，成为报纸头条。
女：嗨，布莱恩！谢谢你邀请我今天参加你的节目。我很高兴能向观众解释我这本书到底写的是什么。
男：［2］批评你的书的人坚称，你试图迫使整个国家发生彻底的改变。有些人声称，你想强迫每个人都吃素，还要将私人交通工具定为非法事物。
女：我知道这些说法，但它们根本不是真的。没有读过这本书的人在对我的论点做假设。［2］他们知道我是一个素食主义者，不穿皮革或毛皮衣服，而且我总是乘坐公共交通工具。因此，他们将我描述成激进的动物权利活动家和环保主义者，决心将我的信仰强加于他人。
男：但是你不希望别人采纳你的做法吗？几十年来，你一直在为动物权利和环境而奋斗。
女：如果人们选择像我一样生活，我会很高兴。但我的人生选择是基于我个人的信念。对于不认同这些信念的人，我不建议这样做。
男：嗯，在你书中的这段摘录中，你认为肉类消费和私人交通是在破坏环境，而对地球来说最好的选择是素食和公共交通。
女：我确实是这么写的。但这些都是我所说的最佳做法的例子，而不是我实际的建议。［3］在我的拯救环境指南中，我建议适度改变，比如每周吃两天素食。
男：你还支持对肉类和其他动物产品征收重税，并增加对汽油的税收。这些税收可能会迫使穷人采用你的生活选择。
女：［4］但是我建议的税率并不高，只有不到3％，而且征收的税款会被分配用于环境保护，这对每个人都有好处。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M: With me in the studio today is Ms. Jane Logan, author of a new book Secrets to Success.［5］She claims to have uncovered how people achieve success. So Ms. Logan, in your book, you claim that successful people have many things in common. For instance, they know their strengths when pursuing a goal.
W: That's right. They also tend to be motivated by a negative or positive life event.［6］They credit their success to having someone in their life who believes in them.
M: You also write that there are a number of different factors related to success. And while successful people are driven to achieve their goals, the ultra-successful have even greater ambition.
W: Yes. Greater ambition, as well as a burning desire to be the best of the best, is also a common characteristic.
M: Right.［7］So, those who are determined don't see obstacles as something that prevents success, but mere inconveniences that need to be overcome.
W: Absolutely.［7］Successful people are also optimistic, as it is important to stay positive while being aware of obstacles that can deter us from achieving our goals.
M: That's a good point. All too often, people give up at the first hurdle. Would you say then that most successful people make it all by themselves?
W: Not exactly. They are usually good at cooperating with people and understanding the needs of others.
M: So people would be willing to help them, I guess.
W: That's correct. And this often leads to a great deal of mutual respect, whether it's with a colleague, an assistant or even a receptionist.
M: Most successful people, I know, are very passionate about their work. Would you say that passion is the single biggest key to success?
W:［8］Not entirely. There's a prerequisite, that is, you have to work in an environment that nurtures passion. If that exists, success will follow.

男：今天和我一起在演播室的是简·洛根女士，她是新书《成功的秘诀》的作者。［5］她声称已经发现了人们如何取得成功。所以，洛根女士，您在书中声称成功人士有很多共同点。例如，他们在追求目标时知道自己的优势。
女：没错。他们也往往受到生活中消极事件或积极事件的刺激。［6］他们将自己的成功归功于生活中有人相信他们。
男：您还写道有一些与成功相关的因素。而且，成功人士是被驱使着实现他们的目标的，而超级成功人士则有更大的野心。
女：是的。更大的野心以及成为强手中的强手的强烈渴望，也是一个共同的特征。
男：对。［7］因此，那些有决心的人不会将障碍视为阻碍其成功的东西，而只是将其视为需要解决的麻烦。
女：正是如此。［7］成功人士也很乐观，因为意识到可能存在妨碍我们实现目标的障碍，同时还能保持积极的态度，这很重要。
男：这是一个很好的观点。很多时候，人们在第一个难关就放弃了。那么，您认为大多数成功人士的成功都是靠自己吗？
女：不完全是。他们通常善于与人合作以及了解他人的需要。
男：所以我猜人们会愿意帮助他们。
女：没错。这通常会带来极大的相互尊重，无论是和同事、助理还是接待员。
男：我知道，大多数成功人士都对他们的工作充满激情。您认为激情是成功最关键的因素吗？
女：［8］不完全是。有一个先决条件，那就是，你必须在一个能培养激情的环境中工作。如果存在这种环境，成功将随之而来。

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.